Embedded Systems

An embedded system is a computer system with a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system, often with real-time computing constraints. It is embedded as part of a complete device often including hardware and mechanical parts

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EMBEDDED SYSTEM

EMBEDDED SYSTEM is a controlling programmer and it is controlled by “REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEM” which is commonly used in the purpose of gathering information for human consumption. Embedded system are commonly using for doing both specific task and multiple tasking.

EMBEDDED means something which is attached or combined with another thing. An embedded system is the thought of the computer hardware system with embedded software in it. EMBEDDED SYSTEM  is the part of a large system and also it is the microprocessor based system.

An embedded system has three components

  • It has application software.
  • It has hardware.
  • It has Real Time Operating system (RTOS)

Characteristics of an Embedded System

Single-functioned – The embedded system commonly perform the specialized operation and it will do it contentiously.

Tightly constrained – Design matrix is the most common factor that constraints the computer system but within those embedded system is the tight.

Reactive and Real time –  System environment will contentiously react in many embedded systems and that will provide exact results without any delay.

Basic Structure of an Embedded System

Sensor – Sensor are commonly using for the purpose of measuring the physical quantity and converts it in to electrical signal, which is observed with an electronic instrument A-D converter and also the sensor store the measured quantity within the memory.

A-D Converter – This converter is used to convert the signals. In the embedded system this A-D converter is using for the purpose of converting analog signal in to digital signal which is sent by the sensor.

Processor & ASIC – The purpose of processor is to process the data and measure the output, many types of processors are commonly using for the prcessing

  • General Purpose Processor (GPP)
    • Microprocessor
    • Media Processor
    • Embedded Processor
    • Digital Signal Processor
    • Micro controller
  • Application Specific System Processor (ASSP)
  • GPP core(s) or ASIP core(s) on either an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) or a Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) circuit.
  • Application Specific Instruction Processors (ASIPs)

D-A Converter − A digital-to-analog converter is commonly using for the purpose of conversions, this D-A converters which converts the digital data fed by the processor to analog data.

Actuator − An actuator is commonly using for the purpose of comparison, in embedded system the actuators which compares the output given by the Digital to Analog converter to the expected output stored in it and the approved output will be stored.

Memory – Memory is used to store the embedded system software and other plugins within the system. The software of embedded system usually embeds in ROM, it doesn’t need any external memory to store data.

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